Mitsubishi Galant
- Identification numbers of the car
Acquisition of spare parts
Technology of service, the tool and the workplace equipment
Поддомкрачивание and towage
Start of the engine from the auxiliary power supply
Automobile химикалии, cleaners, hermetics
Diagnostics of malfunctions of knots and car systems
+ Controls
+ Options and routine maintenance
+ The engine
+ Cooling and heating systems
+ The power supply system and release
+ Engine electric equipment
+ Control systems of the engine
+ Manual transmission
+ Coupling and transmission a line
+ Brake system
+ Suspension bracket and steering
+ Body
+ Onboard electric equipment
Diagnostics of malfunctions of knots and car systems
The owners of cars who are carrying out procedures of routine maintenance of a vehicle it agree resulted in the Head of Adjustment and routine maintenance of the present Management of the schedule will be extremely seldom compelled to address to materials of the given Section. Reliability of knots and the components established on modern cars is so high, that at timely performance of replacement of the materials of details worn out and failed as a result of ageing the probability of their sudden refusal is smallest. Refusals seldom occur spontaneously and usually are a consequence time of long development of defect. In particular, failure of mechanical components practically always is preceded by occurrence and evolution of the characteristic symptoms shown at times for many thousand of kilometres of run to the full. The same components which can fail unexpectedly, usually are not vital for functioning of the basic knots and car systems, or are easily replaced in road conditions.Basic step at revealing of the reasons of any refusal is the choice of a point of the beginning of searches. Often the reason appears laying on a surface, however in some cases it is necessary to work, spending small investigation. The motorist who has made half-dozen casual checks, replacements and corrections quite has to find out a cause of a failure (or its symptom), however such approach in any way it is impossible to name chance reasonable, in view of its labour input and aimlessness of expenses of time and means. The quiet logic approach to search of the failed knot or a component appears much more effective. Necessarily it is necessary to take into consideration all preceding breakage, sometimes insignificant, symptoms and guarding signals, such as loss of capacity developed by the engine, change of indications of measuring instruments, occurrence of unusual sounds and smells, etc. Do not forget, that failure of such components as safety locks or spark plugs can be only a symptom of more deeply latent infringement.
More low in the given subsection simple enough scheme of diagnostics of most often meeting refusals is resulted. The reasons of infringements and their symptoms are grouped on the basis of the relation to functioning of any concrete unit or system: "Engine", “cooling System” etc.
Without dependence by nature refusal in a basis of investigation of its reason identical base principles are always put:
Make sure of correctness of definition of symptoms of refusal. Told means confidence of delimitation of area of searches that is especially important with the help in refusal diagnostics to other motorist who cannot adequately state symptoms of taking place infringement.
Try not to look through obvious infringements. For example, if the engine is not started, do not hesitate to check up fuel presence in a petrol tank (thus it is not necessary to take on trust statements of the owner of the faulty car). In default electric equipments first of all it is necessary to check up a condition and reliability of fastening клеммных electroconducting connections, only after that it makes sense to get diagnostic devices.
Try to eliminate a cause of a failure, instead of its symptom. Replacement of the discharged battery new will help to make the engine start, however the taking place reason of a discharge of the old battery remains not eliminated, that will lead to fast failure and new. Also replacement of the spark plugs thrown by oil will allow to restore for some time serviceability of functioning of the engine, however refusal by all means will soon repeat (if the reason laid not simply in application of candles not that type).
Do not take on trust any statements. Remember that the "new" component also can appear faulty, in particular if it long time has lain in a luggage carrier - it is not necessary to exclude a component from the list checked only for the reason, that it is new or is recently established. In case of neglect it is not necessary to be surprised with performance of the given recommendation, when the cause of a failure revealed, at last, will appear laying on a surface from the very beginning.
Diagnostics of the problems connected with start of the engine
Petrol engines
The engine is turned, but not started
1. The fuel tank is empty. Check up, in case of need make refuelling.
2. The battery (the engine is turned too slowly) is discharged. Check up, in case of need make additional charge, or replace the battery.
3. Polar plugs of the battery, or ослабло fastening on them of tips of wires are oxidised. Smooth out contact surfaces, replace the worn out or damaged components.
4. Fuel does not move to injection injectors. Check up a condition of the gasoline pump, corresponding electroconductings, a safety lock and the relay.
5. Excessive deterioration or mechanical damage of internal knots the saga takes place. Make measurement компрессионного pressure in cylinders, estimate a condition of components of drive ГРМ, directing plugs and cores of valves, check up installation клапанных backlashes.
6. Water has got to fuel. In cold weather crystallisation of a moisture containing in fuel can lead to blocking of fuel lines. Facilitate engine start application of special additives, however can then the system is recommended to be emptied and washed out fresh fuel.
7. Infringement of serviceability of functioning of system of ignition takes place. Check up a condition of corresponding electroconducting and reliability of its contact connections. Estimate degree of deterioration of spark plugs and correctness of installation of interelectrode backlashes. If the situation is aggravated at humidity increase, whether check up there is no short circuit between candles and ignition coils.
8. Serviceability of functioning of a control system is broken by the engine. Check up a condition of corresponding gauges and the module of management of system.
The engine is not turned at attempt of its start
1. If at проворачивании the engine a starter brightness of a luminescence of lamps of illumination of the panel of devices strongly decreases, estimate a condition and level of a charge of the battery, check up serviceability of functioning of the generator. Estimate quality of contact connections of corresponding electroconducting. Measure target pressure of the generator. Make corresponding corrections, replace left of standing components.
2. The gauge-switch of disconnection of a chain of a starter (РКПП) the/gauge-switch of the permission of start (АТ) is faulty. Make sure of completeness of squeezing of a pedal of coupling (РКПП), - on some models the gauge-switch of disconnection of a chain of a starter is subject to adjustment. Track unambiguity of installation of the lever of the selector in position “Р” or “N” (АТ). Estimate a condition of electroconducting of a chain of the corresponding gauge-switch and its contact sockets. Make necessary corrections, replace the failed components.
3. Serviceability of functioning of a starter is broken. Check up a condition of the electromagnetic actuator and the relay of inclusion of a starter. Estimate quality of contact connections of corresponding electroconducting. Check up serviceability of grounding of the unit on weight of the chassis. If pressure of the battery takes place on the relay, try to carry out trial start by means of a remote starter. Make necessary corrections, replace the failed components.
4. The engine is jammed. If the car long time was not used, the probability “прикипания” piston rings to mirrors of cylinders as a result of development of superficial corrosion is high enough. One more possible reason of blocking of the engine can be formations of hydraulic stoppers as a result подсасывания a moisture. Turn out spark plugs and try to turn the engine a key for a bolt of a pulley of a cranked shaft, reasonably commensurating put effort. If jamming takes place, try to reveal and eliminate its reason.
The engine is started, but at once глохнет
1. The ignition switch is faulty. Estimate a condition of contact elements in position RUN of a key. Repeat start attempt, preliminary having disconnected all onboard consumers of the electric power. Sometimes, in case of deterioration of a key it appears to turn some times enough it there back, - at the first possibility replace a key.
2. Electroconducting of a chain of system of ignition, or ослабло fastening of plugs of its contact connections is torn off or is otherwise damaged. Execute corresponding check, make necessary corrections, replace defective components.
3. Depression losses in the inlet pipeline take place. Estimate a condition of corresponding vacuum hoses, make necessary corrections, defective components replace.
4. The deviation from norm of the naporno-account characteristic of the fuel pump takes place. Excessive falling of a pressure developed in the power supply system usually is accompanied by appreciable decrease приемистости the car at an acceleration. Check up passableness of lines of a fuel path. The fuel pump is not subject to adjustment and in default should be replaced.
5. Serviceability of functioning of systems of injection/engine management is broken. Estimate a condition of electroconducting and contact connections of corresponding information gauges and the management module.
6 passableness of a path of system of release of the fulfilled gases Is broken. Check up, eliminate the revealed malfunctions.
Starter input in gearing is complicated, or accompanied by extraneous noise
1. A teeth приводной starter gear wheels is broken off, worn out or jammed. Check up, make necessary corrections.
2. The gear wreath of a flywheel is worn out or damaged. Remove a cover of an observation port and visually examine a flywheel.
At проворачивании the engine the starter publishes extraneous noise
1. The starter gear wheel, or a gear wreath of a flywheel is damaged приводная. Check up, make necessary corrections.
2. Ослаб the starter fixture, or takes place mechanical damage of the case. Check up, tighten fixture, a faulty starter replace.
Start of the cold engine is complicated
1. The battery is discharged, or the deviation from norm вольтамперной characteristics of the electromotor of a starter takes place. Make battery additional charge, or replace a starter.
2. Polar plugs of the battery, or ослабло fastening on them of tips of wires are oxidised. Check up, make necessary corrections, smooth out plugs, replace defective components.
3. Serviceability of functioning of the power supply system is broken. Estimate a pressure developed by the fuel pump, check up passableness of injectors of injection. Make replacement of the failed components.
4. Primary options of the engine are broken. Make corresponding checks, estimate a condition of spark plugs and correctness of installation of interelectrode backlashes. On models with manual adjustment клапанных backlashes make corresponding check, in case of need execute necessary updatings.
5. The gauge of temperature of a cooling liquid is faulty. Make corresponding check, in case of need replace the failed gauge.
6. Serviceability of functioning of systems of injection/engine management is broken. Estimate a condition of electroconducting and contact connections of corresponding information gauges and the management module. Make corresponding corrections, or replace defective components.
Start of the hot engine is complicated
1. The filtering element of an air cleaner is polluted, or its passableness is otherwise broken. Replace the filter, check up passableness воздухозаборного a path.
2. Serviceability of grounding of the engine is broken. Estimate quality of corresponding contact connections, make necessary corrections, replace defective components.
3. The engine requires servicing. Check up correctness of installation of parametres of primary options. Estimate serviceability of functioning of systems of greasing, a food and engine management.
Diesel engines
The engine is turned, but not started
1. The fuel tank is empty. Check up, in case of need make refuelling.
2. The car is filled low-grade дизтопливом. Check up, in case of need empty a fuel tank and wash out it and fill with qualitative fuel.
3. Has fallen компрессионное pressure in cylinders. Make corresponding check, in case of need it is necessary to make regenerative repair of the unit.
4. Correctness of installation of phases газораспределения ТНВД is broken. Check up correctness of adjustment of the pump, in case of need make corresponding updating.
5. It is faulty ТНВД. Check up a pump condition, in case of need make its replacement. Track for correctness of adjustment of the new pump.
6. Serviceability of functioning of atomizers is broken. Check up, replace defective components.
The engine is not turned at attempt of its start
1. If at проворачивании the engine a starter brightness of a luminescence of lamps of illumination of the panel of devices strongly decreases, estimate a condition and level of a charge of the battery, check up serviceability of functioning of the generator. Estimate quality of contact connections of corresponding electroconducting. Measure target pressure of the generator. Make corresponding corrections, replace left of standing components.
2. The gauge-switch of disconnection of a chain of a starter (РКПП) the/gauge-switch of the permission of start (АТ) is faulty. Make sure of completeness of squeezing of a pedal of coupling (РКПП), - on some models the gauge-switch of disconnection of a chain of a starter is subject to adjustment. Track unambiguity of installation of the lever of the selector in position “Р” or “N” (АТ). Estimate a condition of electroconducting of a chain of the corresponding gauge-switch and its contact sockets. Make necessary corrections, replace the failed components.
3. Serviceability of functioning of a starter is broken. Check up a condition of the electromagnetic actuator and the relay of inclusion of a starter. Estimate quality of contact connections of corresponding electroconducting. Check up serviceability of grounding of the unit on weight of the chassis. If pressure of the battery takes place on the relay, try to carry out trial start by means of a remote starter. Make necessary corrections, replace the failed components.
4. The engine is jammed. If the car long time was not used, the probability “прикипания” piston rings to mirrors of cylinders as a result of development of superficial corrosion is high enough. One more possible reason of blocking of the engine can be formations of hydraulic stoppers as a result подсасывания a moisture. Remove atomizers and try to turn the engine a key for a bolt of a pulley of a cranked shaft, reasonably commensurating put effort. If jamming takes place, try to reveal and eliminate its reason.
The engine is started, but at once глохнет
1. Passableness of a line of return of fuel, or its control valve is broken. Make corresponding checks, eliminate the reasons of blocking of a line, in case of need replace defective components.
2. There is too early switching-off of candles накаливания. Check up, execute necessary corrections.
3. Adjustment ТНВД is broken. Check up installation of phases газораспределения, make necessary updating.
4. The car is filled low-grade дизтопливом. Check up, in case of need empty a fuel tank and wash out it and fill with qualitative fuel.
5. Has fallen компрессионное pressure in cylinders. Make corresponding check, in case of need it is necessary to make regenerative repair of the unit.
6. At a fuel path there are air stoppers. Check up fuel level in a fuel tank, in case of need make refuelling.
7. It is faulty ТНВД. Check up a pump condition, in case of need make its replacement. Track for correctness of adjustment of the new pump.
Starter input in gearing is complicated, or accompanied by extraneous noise
1. A teeth приводной starter gear wheels is broken off, worn out or jammed. Check up, make necessary corrections.
2. The gear wreath of a flywheel is worn out or damaged. Remove a cover of an observation port and visually examine a flywheel.
At проворачивании the engine the starter publishes extraneous noise
1. The starter gear wheel, or a gear wreath of a flywheel is damaged приводная. Check up, make necessary corrections.
2. Ослаб the starter fixture, or takes place mechanical damage of the case. Check up, tighten fixture, a faulty starter replace.
Diagnostics of the problems arising in the course of functioning of the engine
Petrol engines
Stability of turns of idling is broken
1. Serviceability of functioning of system of ignition is broken. Check up a condition of components of system and correctness of adjustments. Execute necessary updatings, replace defective components.
2. Passableness of injectors of injection is broken. Check up, replace defective components.
3. Productivity of the fuel pump has fallen. Check up passableness of lines of a fuel path, in case of need replace the pump.
4. Serviceability of functioning of a control system is broken by the engine. Check up, make necessary corrections.
Capacity developed by the engine has fallen
1. Primary options of the engine are broken. Make corresponding checks, estimate a condition of spark plugs and correctness of installation of interelectrode backlashes. On models with manual adjustment клапанных backlashes make corresponding check, in case of need execute necessary updatings.
2. The filtering element of an air cleaner is polluted, or its passableness is otherwise broken. Replace the filter, check up passableness воздухозаборного a path.
3. Serviceability of functioning of systems of injection/engine management is broken. Estimate a condition of electroconducting and contact connections of corresponding information gauges and the management module. Make corresponding corrections, or replace defective components.
4. The pressure developed by the fuel pump has fallen. Check up pressure in a power supply system path, make necessary regenerative repair, replace defective components.
5. Correctness of adjustment of components of a drive throttle заслонки is broken. Check up completeness of opening of a throttle, estimate degree of deterioration of plugs of rotary knots of a drive. Replace defective components.
6. Passableness of a path of system of release of the fulfilled gases is broken. Examine system components on presence of deformations and other mechanical defects. Compare temperature on an input and on an exit каталитического the converter and the muffler, - if the temperature of an entering stream much more surpasses temperature of a corresponding component leaving, hence, passableness is broken.
7. It is faulty, or the detonation gauge is too poorly tightened. Infringement of effort of a tightening of the gauge can lead to delay of ignition and, as consequence, decrease in capacity developed by the engine. Estimate a gauge condition, check up effort of its tightening, in case of need make replacement.
8. Internal mechanical defect of the engine (decrease компрессионного pressure, deterioration of piston rings, valves, camshafts and components ГРМ) takes place. It is necessary to make regenerative repair of the power unit.
9. Level of impellent oil is excessively high. Check up, make corresponding updating. In case of need replace oil and the oil filter.
10. Depression losses in the inlet pipeline or connecting vacuum lines take place. Estimate a condition of components, replace defective linings/hoses.
11. Coupling revolves. Check up a condition of components of assemblage of coupling.
12. Brakes "are taken". Check up, make necessary corrections. Replace defective components.
13. Are worn excessively out, or tyres are pumped incorrectly up. Check up, in case of need make corresponding updatings. In case of need replace tyres, make sure, that their deterioration is not connected with infringement of corners of installation of wheels/geometry of a suspension bracket or a body, - a similar sort of infringement decrease in efficiency of return of the engine can be the reason of increase of factor of a friction and, as consequence.
14. For car refuelling it was used низкооктановый gasoline. Fill in in a fuel tank qualitative fuel.
The fuel expense is excessive
1. The filtering element of an air cleaner is polluted or its passableness is otherwise broken. Replace the air filter.
2. Primary parametres of adjustment of the engine/systems of ignition and a food are broken. Estimate a condition of components of system of ignition, replace the worn out elements. Check up correctness of installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition and adjustment of quality of an air-fuel mix.
3. Wheels not are established that size, tyres are pumped incorrectly up, or their protector is worn excessively out. Installation of wheels of the raised size leads to increase in their resistance проворачиванию. For maintenance of normal speed of too small size of the car equipped with wheels higher turns of the engine are required. Excessive deterioration of protectors can be connected with a wrong rating of tyres, infringement of corners of installation of wheels or suspension bracket geometry. All listed phenomena lead to increase in the expense of fuel at the expense of loading increase on the engine under the same conditions of operation of a vehicle.
4. Brakes "are taken". Check up, make necessary corrections. Replace defective components.
The engine continues to work after deenergizing ignitions (diesel engine-effect)
1. Excessively high turns of idling are exposed. Check up, make corresponding updating.
2. Serviceability of functioning of the valve of stabilisation of turns of idling is broken. Check up, replace the defective valve.
3. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken. Check up a condition of corresponding information gauges and other components of system of ignition. Replace defective units.
4. Depression losses in the inlet pipeline or connecting vacuum lines take place. Estimate a condition of components, replace defective linings/hoses.
5. Takes place excessive нагарообразование in combustion chambers. Use special additives to fuel, or make dismantling and декарбонизацию heads of cylinders.
6. Serviceability of functioning of system of a food/engine management is broken. Check up a condition of corresponding information gauges and management modules. Replace defective components.
During an acceleration or at loading increase on the engine there are the knocks caused by too early ignition or a detonation
1. For car refuelling it was used низкооктановый gasoline. Fill in in a fuel tank qualitative fuel.
2. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken. Check up a condition of corresponding information gauges and other components of system of ignition/engine management. Replace defective units.
3. Takes place excessive нагарообразование in combustion chambers. Use special additives to fuel, or make dismantling and декарбонизацию heads of cylinders.
4. Non-standard spark plugs are established. Replace candles, track correctness of installation of interelectrode backlashes.
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At car operation in a high-speed mode it is better to establish "colder" candles. |
5. Serviceability of functioning of system of a food/engine management is broken. Check up a condition of corresponding information gauges and management modules. Replace defective components.
6. Passableness of a path of system of release of the fulfilled gases is broken. Examine system components on presence of deformations and other mechanical defects. Compare temperature on an input and on an exit каталитического the converter and the muffler, - if the temperature of an entering stream much more surpasses temperature of a corresponding component leaving, hence, passableness is broken.
7. It is faulty, or the detonation gauge is too poorly tightened. Infringement of effort of a tightening of the gauge can lead to delay of ignition and, as consequence, decrease in capacity developed by the engine. Estimate a gauge condition, check up effort of its tightening, in case of need make replacement.
Increase of turns of the engine is not accompanied by increase in speed of movement of the car
1. "Revolves" couplings (РКПП). The subsection devoted to diagnostics of malfunctions of coupling See more low.
2. Transmission (АТ) "revolves". Check up level and condition ATF in a transmission. In case of need make corresponding updating. If ATF publishes distinctly heard smell of ashes, hence, a cause of infringement is проскальзывание internal components of transmission. Performance of replacement ATF and the filter can lead to time correction of a situation. At the first possibility it is necessary to make regenerative repair, or replacement АТ.
Diesel engines
Stability of turns of idling is broken
1. Adjustment ТНВД is broken. Check up, make necessary updatings.
2. At a fuel path there are air stoppers. Check up fuel level in a fuel tank, in case of need make refuelling. Check up fuel lines on presence of leaks, make necessary regenerative repair.
3. Passableness of the fuel filter, or lines of giving and fuel return is broken. Check up a condition of a fuel path, replace defective components.
4. The car is filled low-grade дизтопливом. Check up, in case of need empty a fuel tank and wash out it and fill with qualitative fuel.
Capacity developed by the engine has fallen
1. Passableness of a filtering element of an air cleaner/lines of an inlet air path is broken. Check up a condition of components. In case of need replace the air filter / defective lines.
2. Adjustment ТНВД is broken. Check up, make necessary updatings.
3. Passableness of system of release of the fulfilled gases is broken. Check up a condition of components of a final path. Eliminate the revealed infringements.
4. Passableness of the fuel filter is broken. Check up, in case of need make replacement.
5. Passableness of system of ventilation of a cover of a jellied mouth of a fuel tank is broken. In blocking presence specifies the characteristic hissing arising at opening of a cover. In case of need replace a cover.
6. Passableness of components of a fuel path is broken. Check up, make necessary corrections, replace defective units.
7. Has fallen компрессионное pressure in cylinders. Make corresponding check. Make sure of absence of external leaks (for example, through candles накаливания and atomizers of injection of fuel). In case of need it is necessary to make regenerative repair of the unit.
Diagnostics of the reasons of occurrence arising at work of the engine of noise, smells and vibrations
During an acceleration or at loading increase on the engine there are the knocks caused by too early ignition or a detonation
1. For car refuelling it was used низкооктановый gasoline. Fill in in a fuel tank qualitative fuel.
2. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken. Check up a condition of corresponding information gauges and other components of system of ignition/engine management. Replace defective units.
3. It is faulty, or the detonation gauge is too poorly tightened. Infringement of effort of a tightening of the gauge can lead to delay of ignition and, as consequence, decrease in capacity developed by the engine. Estimate a gauge condition, check up effort of its tightening, in case of need make replacement.
4. Non-standard spark plugs are established. Replace candles, track correctness of installation of interelectrode backlashes.
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At car operation in a high-speed mode it is better to establish "colder" candles. |
5. Takes place excessive нагарообразование in combustion chambers. Use special additives to fuel, or make dismantling and декарбонизацию heads of cylinders.
6. Serviceability of functioning of system of a food/engine management is broken. Check up a condition of corresponding information gauges and management modules. Replace defective components.
7. Passableness of a path of system of release of the fulfilled gases is broken. Examine system components on presence of deformations and other mechanical defects. Compare temperature on an input and on an exit каталитического the converter and the muffler, - if the temperature of an entering stream much more surpasses temperature of a corresponding component leaving, hence, passableness is broken.
At engine work there is a high-frequency squeal or whistle
1. Belts of a drive of auxiliary units, or ослабло effort of their tension are worn out. Check up, make necessary updating, replace the worn out belts.
2. Bearings натяжителей auxiliary belts are worn out or jammed. Check up натяжители, in case of need make replacement of components.
3. The water pump is faulty. The pump can not give leaks that does not exclude probability of deterioration of the bearing or easing of planting/jamming of rotors. Replace the pump.
At engine work there is a metal gnash
1. The water pump, or ослабли bolts of its fastening is faulty. Check up effort of a tightening of fixture, replace the faulty pump.
2. Bearings натяжителей auxiliary belts are worn out or jammed. Check up натяжители, in case of need make replacement of components.
In an engine operating time there are a various sort knocks
1. Serviceability of functioning of hydraulic proof-readers клапанных backlashes in pushers (on models of a corresponding complete set) is broken. Check up level and a condition of impellent oil. In case of need replace oil and the oil filter. Check up, whether has occurred схлопывания pushers. Replace defective components. Besides serviceability of functioning of hydraulic pushers depends on pressure of impellent oil, - check up passableness of the oil filter, a condition of the oil pump and it редукционного the valve.
2. On models with manual adjustment клапанных backlashes it is necessary to check up installation of the last and to estimate degree of deterioration of components ГРМ. In case of need make corresponding updating, replace the failed details.
3. It is worn out, or the belt/chain of drive ГРМ is incorrectly adjusted. Check up, execute necessary updatings, replace defective components of a drive.
4. Cores of inlet or final valves are deformed or are otherwise damaged. Remove a head of cylinders, check up a condition of components клапанных assemblages, replace defective details.
At engine work there is a strong deaf knock
1. Ослабло fastening of a pulley of a cranked shaft, or a flywheel. Check up, replace fixing bolts and tighten them with demanded effort.
2. As a result of hydraulic blocking there was a rod deformation (ов). It is necessary to make necessary regenerative repair of the power unit.
3. Are worn excessively out or damaged шатунные bearings, - a similar sort of a situation arise more often as a result of decrease in oil pressure. Make corresponding regenerative repair of the engine.
At engine work in salon and near to the car there is a distinct smell of gasoline
1. Check up fuel level, - tank overflow can lead to insignificant leaks of fuel through a mouth. The smell should disappear already on the first 20 ÷ 25 km of run as a result of a purge of a coal adsorber.
2. Tightness of planting of a cover of a jellied mouth of a fuel tank is broken. Check up, tighten a cover, in case of need make its replacement.
3. Ослабли collars of fastening of hoses of lines of giving or return of fuel of a path of the power supply system. Check up reliability of fastening of collars, in case of need make corresponding replacements. The probability of failure of sealing epiploons of active components of the power supply system is not excluded also. Check up, replace defective epiploons.
4. Estimate profitability of the expense of fuel. If the expense increase is connected with refusal of functioning of any components, or with infringement of serviceability of ignition of an air-fuel mix, there can be a pollution каталитического the converter. Usually about occurrence of a similar sort of situations of the driver warns operation of a control lamp “Check up the engine”. Check up a condition of spark plugs, or carry out the analysis of structure of the fulfilled gases. Replace faulty candles and the failed components of the power supply system.
At work of the engine near to the car there is a hydrogen sulphide smell (rotten eggs)
1. As a result of giving in chambers of combustion of the reimpoverished mix occurs having overheated каталитического the converter in which thus there is an irreversible chemical reaction to hydrogen sulphide allocation. Check up serviceability of a condition of a sealing lining and vacuum lines of an inlet path, make necessary corrections.
2. As a result of infringement испарвности functioning of the generator or a pressure regulator there is the constant recharge of the storage battery accompanied by boiling up of electrolit. Attentively examine the battery case on presence of cracks, swellings and other damages. In case of need remove the battery and before installation new carefully wash out a surface of the basic pallet baking soda. Check up serviceability of functioning of the generator/regulator of pressure, make necessary regenerative repair or replace the failed components.
At work of the engine near to the car there is a sweetish smell
1. External leaks of a cooling liquid take place. Check up a condition of a cover of a radiator, epiploons and sealing linings of components охладительного a path estimate reliability of a tightening шланговых collars. Tighten fixture, replace the failed components.
2. Leaks of a cooling liquid through a radiator, a broad tank or the heater heat exchanger take place. Attentively examine a radiator and a broad tank, check up, whether is not present потеков a liquid on rugs under the panel of devices.
3. As a result of development of internal leaks there is a hit of a cooling liquid in combustion chambers that is usually accompanied by allocation of a dense white smoke/steam on an exhaust. A similar sort the situation can result from destruction of a lining of a head of cylinders, and also occurrence of cracks in a body of the block/head of cylinders. Additional symptoms of presence of internal leaks of a cooling liquid are formation of a whitish touch on an internal surface of a cover of a jellied mouth of impellent oil, and also deformation or a swelling радиаторных hoses.
At engine work on single turns there are strong vibrations
1. Ослабло fastening of support of a suspension bracket of the power unit, or their rubber pillows are worn out. Check up a condition of support, tighten fixture, replace the failed components.
2. Protection elements картера, or ослабло their fastening are deformed. Check up, tighten fixture, restore the initial form of protective plates.
Intensity of vibrations raises during an acceleration
1. Are damaged or lost rubber подвесы support of elements of system of release of the fulfilled gases. Check up, replace defective components.
2. Correctness of a lining of sections of system of release of the fulfilled gases is broken. Estimate adequacy of a lining, track, that components of system of release did not adjoin with кузовными elements and suspension bracket elements.
Diagnostics of malfunctions of an electric equipment of the engine
During movement there is a battery discharge
1. The battery does not hold a charge. Decrease in level of electrolit in banks can occur as a result of a battery recharge. Check up serviceability of functioning of the generator/regulator of pressure, make necessary regenerative repair, or replace the failed components.
2. Quality of electric contact on клеммных connections of wires of the battery is broken. Check up a condition of polar plugs of the battery and клеммных tips of wires, carefully smooth out contact surfaces, track reliability of planting and fastening of tips on plugs.
3. Serviceability of functioning of the generator/regulator of pressure is broken. Check up, make necessary regenerative repair, or replace the failed components.
4. Ослабло fastening клеммных electroconducting connections on the generator, is broken quality of grounding, or contact plugs are excessively oxidised. Check up a condition of contact connections, smooth out plugs, replace the failed components.
5. The belt of a drive of the generator, or ослабло effort of its tension is worn out. Check up, tighten, or replace a belt, replace defective components натяжителей.
The battery is discharged during night parking of the car
1. The battery is faulty. Replace the battery obviously serviceable.
2. Electric leaks take place. Check up serviceability of switching-off of all lighting and alarm devices (both external, and internal), in case of need replace the failed gauges-switches.
3. Components диодной generator assemblages have failed. Check up, replace the defective generator.
Councils about carrying out of diagnostics of the problems connected with decrease of efficiency of return of the engine
First of all it is necessary to estimate the general mechanical condition of the power unit.
Functioning of a control system by fuel giving on инжекторных models is based on constant monitoring of giving of the air-fuel mix, based on continuous data transmission from information gauges to the management module. Unlike carburettor models where for fuel pushing through through dosing out jets for the purpose of maintenance of demanded structure of a gas mixture the energy developed by a stream of an air stream soaked up in the engine is used, on the models equipped with system of injection quality assurance of a mix it is carried out by means of management of duration of opening of injectors through which fuel moves in the pipeline / inlet ports of chambers of combustion.
Management is made on the basis of the analysis of the data continuously arriving from corresponding information gauges. Gauges trace such parametres as working temperature of a cooling liquid, temperature and quantity of air soaked up in the engine, turns of a cranked shaft, current position throttle заслонки, etc. the management block continuously analyzes the arriving information and defines duration of opening of injectors of injection demanded by the current moment time. Gauges develop low-voltage signals in this connection infringement of quality of contact connections of electroconducting of corresponding connecting chains can make the most direct impact on efficiency of return of the engine (comparable with the influence rendered by an exit of gauges out of operation).
At a problem diagnostics, connected with serviceability of functioning of system of injection always first of all check a condition of corresponding electroconducting of its contact connections. Watch reliability of fixing of electric sockets, periodically check their physical condition. Try not to use for clearing of surfaces of components and control system electroconducting not approved by manufacturers of cars chemical means, - after application of such means for surfaces of cleared components there can be a film which presence is inadmissible, the risk of damage of isolation of electroconducting is besides, great.
The system of an electric equipment of the engine provides power supplies giving to all onboard consumers, electronic blocks of management, information gauges and actuation mechanisms. In view of extreme sensitivity of elements of a control system of the engine to pressure differences, infringement of serviceability of functioning of the generator/regulator of pressure can lead to appreciable decrease in efficiency of return of the power unit. Cars considered in the present Management usually are completed with generators with the built in regulator of pressure. Working parametres of such regulators are not subject to updating and in case of occurrence of infringements it is necessary to replace a corresponding element (a regulator or the generator) in gathering.
Functioning of system of ignition also is strongly connected with work of system of injection of fuel/engine management and is based on use by the module of management of data arriving from corresponding information gauges. On the basis of the analysis of the information arriving from gauges the management module makes timely updatings of a corner of an advancing of ignition, achieving optimum work of the engine at any turns and current loadings. On the majority modern systems of a similar sort manual adjustment of a corner of an advancing of ignition any more is not represented possible. In case of infringement of serviceability of functioning of such system the failed element is subject to replacement, - preliminary make sure, that refusal is not connected with electroconducting damage, or easing of fastening of its contact sockets. Periodically check a condition of electric sockets, in case of need process them with application патентованных cleaners.
Diagnostics of malfunctions of system of cooling
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As the reasons of occurrence of some of problems of functioning of system of cooling mechanical refusals of the power unit can act also. So, infringement of integrity of a sealing lining of a head of cylinders, or formation порозности block moulding, as a rule, inevitably lead to development of leaks of a cooling liquid. |
The engine overheat takes place
1. Level of a cooling liquid has fallen. Include on the maximum productivity a heater of salon for path check on presence of air stoppers. "Pump over" system of cooling and examine its components on presence of signs of leaks. Add in system necessary quantity of a cooling liquid of a demanded grade.
2. Poorly developed leaks in a path of system of cooling take place. Make check of a path by pressure, - places of leaks can be defined on hearing on characteristic hissing. Special attention it is necessary to give to a condition of such components, as connecting hoses (with fixing collars), the valve of management of giving of a cooling liquid in the heater heat exchanger, actually the heat exchanger (radiator) of a heater, a radiator, радиаторные hoses and the water pump. Replace defective units, add in system necessary quantity of a cooling liquid of a demanded grade.
3. Serviceability of functioning of an electric control mean by functioning of fans of system of cooling (on models of a corresponding complete set) is broken. Check up a condition of corresponding safety locks, the relay and temperature gauges. Replace the failed components.
4. Leaks of a cooling liquid through a lining of a head of cylinders, or as a result of development порозности in walls of moulding of the block or a head of cylinders take place. Check up, replace a lining, or defective section of the power unit.
5. Passableness of the heat exchanger of a radiator is broken. Wash out, or replace a radiator.
6. The water pump is faulty. At infringement of adequacy of circulation of a cooling liquid check up density of planting of rotors of the water pump, in case of weak point revealing replace the pump.
Level of a cooling liquid in the engine constantly falls
1. Poorly developed leaks in a path of system of cooling take place. Make check of a path by pressure, - places of leaks can be defined on hearing on characteristic hissing. Special attention it is necessary to give to a condition of such components, as connecting hoses (with fixing collars), the valve of management of giving of a cooling liquid in the heater heat exchanger, actually the heat exchanger (radiator) of a heater, a radiator, радиаторные hoses and the water pump. Replace defective units, add in system necessary quantity of a cooling liquid of a demanded grade.
2. Leaks of a cooling liquid through a lining of a head of cylinders, or as a result of development порозности in walls of moulding of the block or a head of cylinders take place. Check up, replace a lining, or defective section of the power unit.
Engine overcooling takes place
1. The thermostat is faulty. Replace the thermostat jammed in open position.
2. Serviceability of functioning of an electric control mean by functioning of fans of system of cooling (on models of a corresponding complete set) is broken. Check up a condition of corresponding safety locks, the relay and temperature gauges. Replace the failed components.
3. Indications of a measuring instrument of temperature are inexact. Check up a condition of gauges of temperature, eliminate the revealed malfunctions.
The engine works with an overheat
1. Passableness of the heat exchanger of a radiator is broken. Wash out, or replace a radiator.
2. The belt of a drive of the water pump, or ослабло effort of its tension is worn out. Check up, tighten, or replace a belt, replace defective components натяжителей.
3. Serviceability of functioning of fans of system of cooling is broken. Check up a condition приводных electromotors, the relay and temperature gauges. Replace defective components.
4. Indications of a measuring instrument of temperature are inexact. Check up a condition of gauges of temperature, eliminate the revealed malfunctions.
5. Level of a cooling liquid has fallen. Include on the maximum productivity a heater of salon for path check on presence of air stoppers. "Pump over" system of cooling and examine its components on presence of signs of leaks. Add in system necessary quantity of a cooling liquid of a demanded grade.
Diagnostics of malfunctions of system of release of the fulfilled gases
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It is not necessary to concern increase of level of the vibrations connected with infringements in system of release of fulfilled gases scornfully. Remember that increase of a vibrating background conducts to premature deterioration of components of support of a suspension bracket of the power unit, formation of cracks and fatigue deformation of metal components of a frame and a suspension bracket, to destruction of welded seams and the core каталитического the converter. |
Characteristic deaf knock takes place at engine work on single turns
1. Components of support of a suspension bracket of the power unit are worn out. Examine basic knots, replace the failed components, tighten fixture.
2. Components of pendant support of elements of system of release of the fulfilled gases are faulty. Examine basic knots, replace the failed components, establish new instead of the lost.
3. Mechanical damage of the muffler or каталитического the converter takes place. It is necessary to have in view of, that the come off internal elements of the given components can communicate a stream of the fulfilled gases downwards on a path, publishing characteristic sounds far enough from defective knot. Such situations can lead also to infringement of passableness of a final path that is usually accompanied by decrease in depth of depression in the inlet pipeline of the engine. Remove suspected sections of system of release, remove from a path all loose and extraneous subjects, replace the failed components.
4. Check up correctness of a lining of working sections of system of release, special attention giving to adequacy of backlashes between elements of system and body/suspension bracket components.
During movement there are vibrations of components of system of release of the fulfilled gases
1. Components of pendant support of elements of system of release of the fulfilled gases are faulty. Examine basic knots, replace the failed components, establish new instead of the lost.
2. Correctness of a lining of working sections of a final path is broken. Estimate adequacy of backlashes, образуемых between elements of system and body/suspension bracket components.
Sections of system of release of the fulfilled gases are hung out excessively low under the car bottom
1. Components of pendant support of elements of system of release of the fulfilled gases are faulty. Examine basic knots, replace the failed components, establish new instead of the lost.
2. Correctness of a lining of working sections of a final path is broken.
Functioning of system of release of the fulfilled gases is accompanied by an excessive noise background
1. Reliability of fixing of components of a final path is broken, or leaks of the fulfilled gases take place. Attentively examine system on all length, eliminate the revealed malfunctions, replace defective components.
2. Internal dividing partitions of mufflers of a final path are destroyed. Check up a condition of suspected components, replace defective knots.
3. The failed muffler at unfair or скороспешном repair has been replaced by tubular section. Study engineering specifications on system of release of the fulfilled gases, complete all sections of a path with regular components.
Diagnostics of malfunctions трансмиссионной lines
Automatic transmission
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On many models management of functioning АТ is carried out by electronic way. Thus paramount value gets a condition of electroconducting and contact connections of a corresponding chain. Do not forget to examine from time to time corresponding components, check reliability of fixing of sockets. For rubbing of isolation and removal of products of oxidation from contact plugs of electroconducting use only патентованные cleaners! |
Smoothness of switching АТ is broken
1. Level трансмиссионной liquids has fallen. Check up, in case of need make corresponding updating.
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Use only ATF the recommended grade! |
2. Check up condition ATF. In case of revealing of signs of pollution replace a liquid and filter AT. Presence at a liquid of a smell of ashes testifies to the fact of proslipping of internal components of transmission. Performance of check of a condition and regenerative repair АТ to charge to experts of car-care centre more correctly.
3. Filter AT is incorrectly established, or its sealing lining is destroyed. Check up, make necessary corrections, replace defective components.
4. Tightness of sealing linings, or pressure head lines / them штуцерных connections is broken. Check up a condition of components of hydraulic path АТ, make necessary corrections, replace defective components.
5. Ослабло fastening of draughts of a drive of switching at / THROTTLE заслонки. Check up, make necessary corrections, tighten fixture.
Serviceability of switching АТ is broken
1. Ослабло fastening/is broken adjustment of draughts of a drive of switching АТ. Check up, make necessary corrections/adjustments.
2. Level трансмиссионной liquids has fallen. Check up, in case of need make corresponding updating.
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Use only ATF the recommended grade! |
3. Damage of internal components of transmission takes place. Performance of check of a condition and regenerative repair АТ to charge to experts of car-care centre more correctly.
There is no automatic switching АТ on a hill-climbing gear at squeezing to a floor of a pedal of gas
1. Gauges or management blocks (models with electronic control АТ) are faulty. Check up, make necessary corrections, replace defective components.
2. Adjustment of draughts of a drive of inclusion a mode kickdown is broken, or the vacuum servo-driver (models with a mechanical drive kickdown) is faulty. Check up a condition of components of a drive, make necessary corrections, replace defective components.
3. On models with electronic control
4. The spring (Coupling and transmission a line see the Head) "has given" диафрагменная.
5. Leaks of a hydraulic liquid from the main or executive cylinder of coupling (Coupling and transmission a line see the Head) take place.
6. Air (softness of a course of a pedal takes place) (Coupling and transmission a line see the Head) has got to a hydraulic path of a drive of coupling.
7. The sealing cuff of the piston of the main or executive cylinder (Coupling and transmission a line see the Head) is damaged.
8. The lack of greasing of the directing bearing (Coupling and transmission a line see the Head) takes place.
Manual box of a gear change
The gear change is accompanied by a gnash
1. Components of a drive of deenergizing of coupling are worn out. On models with mechanical or тросовым a coupling drive check up adjustment of corresponding components. Adjust a coupling pedal so that the size of its free course did not exceed 25 mm. On models with a hydraulic drive of coupling check up level of a working liquid in the tank of the main cylinder, in case of need make corresponding updating.
2. Synchronizers are worn out. Remove a transmission, replace synchronizers.
3. Are worn out sliding муфты synchronizers. Remove a transmission, replace sliding муфты.
4. Doggies of gearing of gear wheels are worn out or damaged. Remove a transmission, replace corresponding gear wheels.
The box "comes off" the chosen transfer
1. Blocking springs of a rod of switching are worn out. Replace the failed components.
2. Are worn out sliding муфты synchronizers. Remove a transmission, replace sliding муфты.
3. Doggies of gearing of gear wheels are worn out or damaged. Remove a transmission, replace corresponding gear wheels.
4. Persistent bearings of a cranked shaft are worn out. Make engine dismantling, replace the failed components.
The gear change is complicated
1. Coupling adjustment is broken. Check up, in case of need make corresponding updating.
2. Synchronizers are worn out. Remove a transmission, replace synchronizers.
3. The directing bearing is jammed. Remove a transmission, replace the bearing.
4. Draughts/plugs of a drive of a gear change are jammed. Disassemble the mechanism of a drive of switching, replace the worn out and defective components. During assemblage do not forget to grease established details carefully.
Leaks трансмиссионного oils take place
1. In a transmission too much oil is filled in. Check up oil level, make necessary updating.
2. Passableness сапунов, or ventilating branch pipes is broken. Check up, eliminate blocking, in case of need add in a transmission necessary quantity трансмиссионного oils.
3. Tightness of a sealing lining картера РКПП is broken, or in moulding of the last a time/crack was formed. Replace defective components. Fill in in a transmission necessary quantity of oil of a demanded grade.
Coupling
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The coupling drive can be carried out by means of draughts, a cable or hydraulic way. On models with mechanical or тросовым the size of a free course of a pedal should from time to time (in process of deterioration of a conducted disk) to be corrected by a drive. On models with a hydraulic drive adjustment is carried out automatically (except for height of position of a pedal which is not subject to adjustment). |
Coupling revolves at movement uphill, or during an acceleration
1. Adjustment of a free course of a pedal of coupling is broken. Check up, by means of adjustment of draught/privodnogo of a cable achieve, that the free course of a pedal made about 25 mm.
2. The conducted disk of coupling Is worn out/is damaged. Remove the engine/transmission, replace coupling in gathering.
3. Ослабли petals диафрагменной springs of a press disk of coupling. Remove the engine/transmission, replace coupling in gathering.
4. Quality of machining of working surfaces of a press disk/flywheel is broken. Check up, replace defective components.
Completeness of deenergizing of coupling (the gear change is complicated) is broken
1. The mechanism of a drive of deenergizing of coupling is faulty. Estimate a condition of elements of a drive (cables/draughts/components of a hydraulic path), replace the failed details. On models with a hydraulic drive of coupling "pump over" a liquid path, completely having removed from it air stoppers.
2. The lever of deenergizing of coupling, or its rotary knot is damaged. Check up a lever condition, in case of need make replacement.
3. The nave of a conducted disk of coupling, or it торсионные springs is damaged. Disassemble coupling, replace the failed components.
4. The directing bearing of coupling is jammed. Disassemble coupling, replace defective components.
5. The conducted disk is faulty. Disassemble coupling, estimate planeness of a conducted disk, make sure, that the thickness of frictional overlays does not exceed limiting admissible value. Replace corresponding components.
Squeezing of a pedal of coupling is accompanied by extraneous noise
1. Adjustment of an emphasis of a pedal, or its free course is broken. Check up, make corresponding updatings.
2. It is worn out or damaged выжимной the bearing. If intensity of a noise background decreases at отпускании pedals, it is necessary to replace the bearing.
3. It is excessive axial люфт a cranked shaft of the engine. Check up a condition of persistent bearings of a cranked shaft, replace defective components.
For squeezing of a pedal of coupling the excessive effort is required
1. The pedal axis is jammed. Check up, eliminate the blocking reasons, replace defective components, grease axial plugs.
2. It is incorrectly laid, or the cable of a drive of coupling (model with тросовым a drive) is worn out. Estimate a condition приводного a cable, in case of revealing a peg, attritions, traces of corrosion and other damages, replace a cable, trying excessively not to bend the new. Check up quality of grounding of the power unit, - at a detachment of the tyre grounding can start to be carried out on a cable of a drive of coupling that leads to its premature deterioration.
3. On models with a mechanical drive of coupling check up correctness of a lining of draughts, make sure of absence of signs of jamming. Grease axial and reference points, replace defective components.
4. The lack of greasing of a directing tube выжимного the bearing and a plug of deenergizing of coupling takes place. Check up, fill corresponding components heat-resistant greasing, achieving full freedom of a course of the bearing on a tube.
5. On models with a hydraulic drive of coupling check up level of a working liquid, examine surfaces of the main and executive cylinders of coupling on presence of signs of leaks. Replace defective components, "pump over" a hydraulic path. In the absence of signs of leaks of a liquid it is possible to assume, that internal damage of the main hydraulic cylinder of coupling takes place. Replace the cylinder, "pump over" system.
Coupling inclusion is accompanied by vibration
1. Planeness of a working surface of a flywheel is broken. Check up, in case of need give a flywheel in проточку, or replace it.
2. The conducted disk of coupling is deformed, or the nave is damaged it демпферная. Remove coupling, replace defective components.
3. The coupling disk, or ослабли its petals диафрагменной springs is damaged press. Replace press a disk.
Differential and the main transfer
The differential publishes a low-frequency gnash
1. Level of a lubricant liquid has fallen, or in differential oil not that grade is filled in. Check up, in case of need replace oil.
2. Differential bearings are worn out or damaged. Replace bearings, check up a condition of leading and conducted gear wheels, in case of need replace as well them.
Differential functioning is accompanied by a howling sound
1. Level of a lubricant liquid has fallen, or in differential oil not that grade is filled in. Check up, in case of need replace oil.
2. The leading and-or conducted gear wheel of differential is worn out or damaged. Check up, replace defective components.
Distributing box
After a trip traces of leak of a lubricant liquid through epiploons or сапун come to light
1. In a distributing box the lubricant liquid is filled in excessively a lot of. Check up liquid level, in case of need make corresponding updating.
2. Passableness сапуна or its hose is broken. Check up, eliminate the reason of blocking of the ventilating channel, in case of need add in картер a distributing box necessary quantity of a liquid of a demanded grade.
3. Epiploons are worn out or damaged. Replace defective components, check up level of a lubricant liquid, in case of need make corresponding updating.
Functioning of a distributing box is accompanied by an intensive noise background
1. In a distributing box the lubricant liquid not that grade is filled in. Empty a box, fill in in it a liquid corresponding to norms.
2. Level of a lubricant liquid has fallen. Check up, in case of need make corresponding updating.
3. Damage of internal components of a distributing box takes place. Remove a box, disassemble it, estimate a condition of internal components, defective details replace.
The distributing comes off the chosen position
1. Stop movement and make sure of completeness of input of a box in gearing.
2. Deterioration, ослабло fastening takes place, or adjustment приводной draughts is broken. Check up a condition of a drive of a distributing box, make necessary corrections/adjustments/replacements.
3. Has deterioration or damage of internal components of a distributing box.
4. Remove a box, disassemble it, estimate a condition of internal components, defective details replace.
Карданный a shaft (rear-wheel and all-wheel drive models)
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Sections карданного a shaft usually incorporate among themselves by means of universal (карданных) hinges, however on some models instead of the last hinges of equal angular speeds, or rubber flexible муфты can be established. |
Switching of transfer from a lobby on the back is accompanied by deaf metal click in the central part of the bottom of the car
It is worn out крестовина карданного a shaft. Remove a shaft, replace defective components.
Car dispersal is accompanied by vibrations in the central part of the car
1. It is worn out крестовина карданного a shaft. Remove a shaft, replace defective components.
2. Correctness of installation карданного a shaft is broken. Check up a condition of support of a suspension bracket of the power unit, tighten fixture, replace defective components.
3. Balancing карданного a shaft is broken as a result of deformation or a bend. Check up, replace defective components.
4. There was a disbalance карданного a shaft. Remove assemblage of a shaft and give it to balancing. Alternatively replace a shaft.
Приводные shaft/semiaxes
Проворачивание forward/back wheels during movement it is accompanied by clicks
1. In a protector pattern have got stuck extraneous subjects. Check up, clean a protector, in case of need hand over a wheel in repair.
2. Hinges of equal angular speeds (SHRUS), or ослабло their fastening on power shafts Are worn out/are damaged. Estimate a condition of SHRUS, in case of need make replacement.
Car dispersal is accompanied by appreciable vibration of forward/back wheels
1. The wheel disk is deformed. Check up, in case of need hand over a corresponding wheel in repair, or replace a defective disk.
2. Balancing of wheels is broken. Отбалансируйте wheels.
3. Wheel bearings, or ослабло effort of their pretightness are worn out. Check up, in case of need replace bearings, adjust a pretightness.
4. Hinges of equal angular speeds (SHRUS), or ослабло their fastening on power shafts Are worn out/are damaged. Estimate a condition of SHRUS, in case of need make replacement.
The other problems connected with functioning трансмиссионной of a line
At car dispersal there is the smell of ashes proceeding from under the central part of the bottom
1. Brake mechanisms are jammed. Check up, estimate a backlash of planting of pistons in cylinders of supports and degree of deterioration of a working surface of a brake disk (the Section devoted to diagnostics of malfunctions of brake system) see also.
2. Coupling (models with РКПП) revolves. Check up, make corresponding corrections (see above).
3. Level ATF (models with АТ) has fallen. Check up, in case of need make corresponding updating. If updating of level of a liquid does not lead to smell elimination, transmission should be removed for carrying out of corresponding regenerative repair.
The increase in turns of the engine is not accompanied by car acceleration
1. Coupling (models with РКПП) revolves. Check up, make corresponding corrections (see above).
2. Level ATF (models with АТ) has fallen. Check up, in case of need make corresponding updating. If updating of level of a liquid does not lead to situation correction, transmission should be removed for carrying out of corresponding regenerative repair.
Diagnostics of malfunctions of brake system
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Before to come to conclusion about refusal of brake system, check up a condition and pressure of a rating of tyres, uniformity of loading of the car and corners of installation of forward wheels. |
Squeezing of a brake pedal is accompanied it дерганьем or pulsations
1. Ослабли nuts of fastening of wheels. Check up, in regular intervals tighten wheel nuts with demanded effort.
2. It is deformed, or the brake disk is worn non-uniformly out. Check up, in case of need make проточку or replacement of a defective disk.
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Проточка a disk should not lead to decrease in its thickness below an admissible limit! |
3. Ослабли bolts of fastening of a brake support or it анкерной скобы. Check up, tighten fixture with demanded effort, estimate a condition of bearing components.
4. Ослаб a pretightness of wheel bearings. Check up, make corresponding adjustment, in case of need replace bearings.
During braking there is a characteristic high-frequency squeal of brakes
1. From external edge of a brake disk (ов) furrows were formed. Check up, in case of need make проточку or replacement of a defective disk.
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Проточка a disk should not lead to decrease in its thickness below an admissible limit! |
2. Working surfaces of frictional overlays brake колодок are polluted. Remove колодки, carefully clear overlays.
3. Are worn excessively out колодки. Check up, make replacement.
4. A working surface of frictional overlays заполирована to shine. Check up, replace kolodki/boots complete with brake disks/drums.
5. Elements of fixture of brake kolodok/boots are damaged by corrosion. Check up, replace defective components, before assemblage grease established details with heat-resistant greasing.
During braking in the central part of wheels there is a gnash
1. Are worn excessively out колодки. Check up, make replacement.
2. Partially or components of brake mechanisms that leads to premature and non-uniform deterioration of brake kolodok/boots and disks/drums are completely jammed. Check up, replace defective components.
During braking course stability of a vehicle (the car withdraws to the right or to the left) is lost
1. Air has got to a hydraulic path of brake system. Attentively examine all components of system on presence of signs of development of leaks. Pump over a corresponding part of a hydraulic path. Replace a brake liquid.
2. Passableness of flexible brake hoses is broken. Check up, replace defective components, wash out a hydraulic path.
3. Partially or components of brake mechanisms that leads to premature and non-uniform deterioration of brake kolodok/boots and disks/drums are completely jammed. Check up, replace defective components.
4. The geometry передка the car is broken, or suspension bracket components are worn excessively out. Check up, replace defective components, tighten fixture, make adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels.
5. Regulators of drum-type brake mechanisms are faulty. Check up, eliminate the blocking reasons, replace defective components, adjust brakes.
Softness, or excessive course of a brake pedal takes place
1. Level has fallen, or pollution of a brake liquid takes place. Check up. If the brake path was not washed out within more than two years, clear tank GTTS walls, wash out brake system, fill in in it a fresh liquid and pump over.
2. Flexible brake hoses are damaged. Check up, replace defective components.
3. Regulators of drum-type brake mechanisms are faulty. Check up, eliminate the blocking reasons, replace defective components, adjust brakes.
Efficiency of braking is obviously underestimated, despite the raised resistance of a pedal of a foot brake to squeezing
1. The vacuum amplifier of brakes is faulty. Check up, estimate a condition of the control valve of the servo-driver, replace defective components.
2. Заполированы to shine working surfaces of frictional overlays brake колодок. Check up, replace колодки, in case of need eliminate defects of working surfaces of brake disks/drums.
3. Partially or components of brake mechanisms that leads to premature and non-uniform deterioration of brake kolodok/boots and disks/drums are completely jammed. Check up, replace defective components.
Uniformity of distribution of brake effort between forward and back wheels of the car is broken
1. The valve-regulator is worn out, damaged or jammed. Make valve replacement.
2. It is jammed, beat the spring/draught of a drive of the valve-regulator is disconnected. Check up, replace defective components.
The pedal of a foot brake squeezed out to a floor at отпускании does not come back in a starting position
1. Level of a hydraulic liquid has fallen. Attentively examine components of a brake path on presence of signs of leaks, replace defective details, add in tank GTTS demanded quantity of a liquid, pump over brake system.
2. It is faulty ГТЦ. Replace the cylinder, fill in in system a fresh brake liquid, pump over a hydraulic path.
The brake liquid smells as ashes
1. Partially or components of brake mechanisms are completely jammed. Check up, replace defective components.
2. Passableness of flexible brake hoses is broken. Check up, replace defective hoses, wash out a hydraulic path, pump over system.
3. The mechanism отпускания a lay brake is faulty. Check up a condition приводных cables and executive levers, replace defective components.
Councils about carrying out of diagnostics of the problems connected by functioning of brake system
The reasons of occurrence of pulsations and the vibrations appearing during braking usually come to light during car trial runs.
If vibrations arise in a brake pedal at its squeezing and are not transferred on steering a wheel, that, most likely the reason of their occurrence is non-uniform deterioration or deformation of disks/drums of brake mechanisms of back wheels. Return in a wheel testifies to necessity of check first of all conditions of brake disks of forward wheels.
Pedal failures at braking can be connected with air hit in a hydraulic path of system, or with boiling up of a working liquid as a result “прихватывания” brake mechanisms or incomplete отпускания a lay brake. The probability of infringement of adjustment of drum-type brake mechanisms of back wheels is not excluded also. For check, not starting the engine, some times rock a brake pedal and, keeping its squeezed out, cock a lay brake, then release a pedal and at once squeeze out it back. If at repeated squeezing the pedal "fails", hence back brake mechanisms require adjustment.
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It is not necessary to compensate infringement of adjustment of drum-type brake mechanisms by fine tuning of a lay brake as it will lead to premature deterioration of overlays of brake boots. |
Diagnostics of malfunctions of wheels, tyres, steering drive and suspension bracket
Wheels and wheel bearings
Easing of fastening of forward wheels/pretightnesses of wheel bearings
All-wheel drive and front-wheel models
1. Ослабли ступичные nuts/nuts of fastening of wheels. Check up, tighten fixture.
2. Wheel bearings are worn out or damaged. Check up, in case of need make replacement, adjust a pretightness of bearings.
Rear-wheel models
1. Adjustment of wheel bearings is broken. Execute pretightness adjustment if the weak point does not disappear, replace bearings.
2. Ослабли nuts of fastening of wheels. Check up, tighten fixture.
3. Wheel bearings are worn out or damaged. Check up, in case of need make replacement, adjust a pretightness of bearings.
Easing of fastening of back wheels/pretightnesses of wheel bearings
All-wheel drive and rear-wheel models
1. Ослабли ступичные nuts/nuts of fastening of wheels. Check up, tighten fixture.
2. Wheel bearings are worn out or damaged. Check up, in case of need make replacement, adjust a pretightness of bearings.
Front-wheel models
1. Adjustment of wheel bearings is broken. Execute pretightness adjustment if the weak point does not disappear, replace bearings.
2. Ослабли nuts of fastening of wheels. Check up, tighten fixture.
3. Wheel bearings are worn out or damaged. Check up, in case of need make replacement, adjust a pretightness of bearings.
Tyres
Unilateral deterioration of a protector takes place
1. Adjustment of corners of installation of wheels (convergence) is broken. Check up, execute necessary updating.
2. Tyres are pumped incorrectly up. Check up, make corresponding updating.
3. Suspension bracket components are worn out or damaged. Check up, replace defective details, adjust corners of installation of wheels.
Non-uniform deterioration of a protector takes place
1. Tyres are pumped incorrectly up, or balancing of wheels is broken. Check up, make necessary updatings.
2. Adjustment of corners of installation of wheels is broken. Check up, execute necessary updating.
3. Shock-absorbers are faulty. Check up a condition of racks of a suspension bracket, replace defective components. Make adjustment of corners of installation of wheels.
4. Adjustment of corners of installation of wheels (convergence) is broken. Check up, execute necessary updating.
5. Suspension bracket components are worn out or damaged. Check up, replace defective details, adjust corners of installation of wheels.
Steering drive
Takes place excessive люфт a steering wheel
1. Adjustment of a free course of the steering mechanism is broken. Check up, make corresponding updating.
2. Components of a steering drive are worn out or damaged. Check up, replace defective details, make adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels.
3. The steering mechanism is faulty. Check up, make replacement, adjust corners of installation of forward wheels.
The steering wheel vibrates at movement on cruiser speed
1. Disks/tyres of forward wheels are deformed. Check up, replace defective disks, отбалансируйте wheels.
2. Non-uniform deterioration of tyres of forward wheels takes place. Replace tyres, track, that they have been pumped up according to standard requirements.
3. The latent defect of tyres of forward wheels takes place. Replace tyres, track, that they have been pumped up according to standard requirements.
4. Balancing of assemblages of forward wheels is broken. Отбалансируйте wheels. Track, that bolts/nuts of fastening of wheels have been tightened with demanded effort.
5. Ослабли wheel bearings. Check up, adjust a pretightness, in case of need replace the failed bearings.
The steering wheel vibrates during braking
See above the Section devoted to diagnostics of malfunctions of brake system.
For проворачивания a steering wheel the excessive effort is required
1. Adjustment of a free course of a steering wheel is broken. Check up, make corresponding updating.
2. The steering mechanism is faulty. Replace assemblage реечной transfers, execute adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels.
3. Suspension bracket components are worn out or damaged. Check up, replace defective details, adjust corners of installation of forward wheels.
Suspension bracket
Course stability of the car is broken
1. Tyres are pumped non-uniformly up. Check up, make corresponding updating.
2. Non-uniform deterioration of protectors takes place. Check up, replace tyres.
3. On a forward axis of the car wheels of a different standard size are established, or the weight balance of tyres is broken. Check up, make necessary replacements.
4. Adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels is broken. Check up, make corresponding updating.
5. Brakes "are taken". Check up a condition of brake mechanisms, replace defective components, make adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels.
The car is excessively shaken at movement on a rough road covering
1. Shock-absorbers or other components of rack-mount assemblages are worn out or jammed. Check up, make necessary corrections/replacements.
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It is accepted to replace shock-absorbers in pairs. |
The car excessively heels on turns
1. Shock-absorbers or other components of rack-mount assemblages are worn out or jammed. Check up, make necessary corrections/replacements.
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It is accepted to replace shock-absorbers in pairs. |
2. Components of racks/collars of the stabilizer of cross-section stability are worn out or damaged. Check up, replace defective details.
The car has excessively rigid course
1. Shock-absorbers are jammed. Check up a condition of racks of a suspension bracket, replace defective components.
2. Tyres are pumped over. Check up, dump superfluous pressure.
The car has excessively низку planting, or is tilted in one of the parties
1. Are damaged, or screw springs of a suspension bracket have given. Check up, in case of need replace springs in pairs.
2. Shock-absorbers are jammed. Check up a condition of racks of a suspension bracket, replace defective components.
Extraneous noise and vibrations
Car movement is accompanied by clicks
1. Whether check up takes a place dependence between intensity of sounds and speed of movement of the car, whether clicks disappear at movement накатом. If frequency щелканья changes proportionally speeds of movement, and does not depend on position of a pedal of gas/steering wheel, check up, whether has got stuck in a pattern of a protector extraneous subject any of tyres. In case of need give a wheel to mounting.
2. In case of dependence revealing between intensity of sounds and speed movement/position throttle a zaslonki/steering wheel check up a condition of the SHRUS, the universal hinge / flexible муфты карданного a shaft.
Knock and clicks at movement on a rough road covering
1. Suspension bracket components are weakened or damaged. Check up (special attention it is necessary to give to a condition резинометаллических plugs and spherical support), replace defective details.
2. Ослабли bolts of fastening of components of a suspension bracket. Check up reliability of a tightening of fixture of a stretcher and bolts of axial joints of elements of a suspension bracket. Tighten fixture with demanded effort.
3. Ослабли wheel bearings. Make pretightness adjustment, in case of need replace bearings.
4. Adjustment of door loops is broken. Check up density of closing of doors, in case of need make corresponding updatings, tighten fixture of loops.
Car movement is accompanied low-frequency грохотанием
1. A similar sort sounds usually are a sign of failure of bearings трансмиссионной lines, mainly - wheel. Their overheat caused “прихватыванием” of brakes, and also damage at blow about бордюрный a stone or a sewer well can be a cause of a failure the bearing. During fulfilment of turns intensity of noise can vary, so, at the left turn loading on the bearing of the right wheel and on the contrary raises. One more sign of failure of bearings of forward wheels is occurrence of vibrations of a steering wheel on turns. The damaged wheel bearings are subject to replacement.
2. Tyres are worn excessively out/are damaged, or balancing of wheels is broken. Internal defect of tyres is sometimes accompanied by the symptoms similar to symptoms of damage of components of a suspension bracket. Establish obviously serviceable complete set of wheels.
At movement on a rough road covering there is a characteristic metal scratch
1. Spherical support are worn out, or greasing loss in them as a result of damage of rubber protective covers takes place. Check up a condition of spherical support, in case of weak point revealing make replacement. Do not forget to execute adjustment of corners of installation of wheels.
2. Are destroyed резинометаллические plugs of support of components of a suspension bracket. Check up, replace defective components, adjust corners of installation of wheels.
3. Rubber plugs of support of the stabilizer of cross-section stability / a jet bar are braided on a bar. Check up a condition of plugs, in case of need make replacement. At installation slightly grease landing surfaces of plugs.
Car movement is accompanied by vibration
1. Vibrations are caused by roughnesses of a road covering.
2. Tyres Are worn out/are damaged, or balancing of wheels is broken. Отбалансируйте wheels. In case of need make replacement.
3. Joints (the SHRUS, the universal hinge or flexible муфта) карданного a shaft are damaged. Check up, replace defective components.
4. Will drive a power shaft, or ослабло its fastening. Check up, tighten fixture, in case of need make replacement.
Problem diagnostics of an onboard electric equipment
Head headlights
Serviceability of functioning of one or both headlights in a mode near or a headlight is broken
1. Quality of contact connection on a socket is broken. Check up quality of grounding of a block headlight and serviceability of giving on it of a food from the battery. If a food moves regularly, and grounding is perfectly in order, replace the failed lamp. At infringement of giving of a food/grounding check up a condition of electroconducting of a corresponding chain (schemes of electric connections see).
2. The management switch is faulty. Make replacement.
Brightness of a luminescence of one or both headlights is strongly lowered
1. Quality of contact connection on a socket is broken. Check up quality of grounding of a block headlight and serviceability of giving on it of a food from the battery. If pressure of a food on a socket is strongly underestimated, check up a condition of elements and connecting electroconducting of a corresponding chain.
2. The socle of a corresponding lamp or its cartridge is strongly oxidised. Carefully smooth out contact surfaces, in case of need replace the failed component.
Running and dimensional fires
Running and dimensional fires do not function
1. Quality of contact connection on a socket is broken. Check up quality of grounding of the corresponding lighting device and serviceability of giving on it of a food from the battery. If a food moves regularly, and grounding is perfectly in order, check up a cartridge condition, in case of need replace the failed lamp. At infringement of giving of a food/grounding check up a condition of electroconducting of a corresponding chain.
2. The management switch is faulty. Make replacement.
Alternating refusals of running and dimensional fires take place
1. The incandescent filament of a corresponding lamp is damaged. Check up, replace the failed lamp.
2. The socle of a corresponding lamp or its cartridge is strongly oxidised. Carefully smooth out contact surfaces, in case of need replace the failed component.
3. Electroconducting or its contact plugs is damaged. Check up, make corresponding corrections.
4. The management switch is faulty. Make replacement.
Brightness of a luminescence of one of lighting devices is strongly lowered
1. Quality of contact connection on a socket is broken. Check up quality of grounding of the corresponding lighting device and serviceability of giving on it of a food from the battery. If pressure of a food on a socket is strongly underestimated, check up a condition of elements and connecting electroconducting of a corresponding chain (schemes of electric connections see).
2. The socle of a corresponding lamp or its cartridge is strongly oxidised. Carefully smooth out contact surfaces, in case of need replace the failed component.
3. The management switch is faulty. Make replacement.
Internal lighting devices
Internal illumination of salon does not function
1. The management switch is established in wrong position. Find the switch and translate it in corresponding position.
2. Quality of contact connection on a fixture socket is broken. Check up quality of grounding and serviceability of giving of a food from the battery. If a food is absent, check up a condition of a corresponding safety lock, in case of need make replacement. Check up a condition of elements and connecting electroconducting of a corresponding chain (schemes of electric connections see). In the absence of grounding check up a condition of contacts of door gauges-switches, remove corrosion traces, in case of need replace defective components.
Alternating refusal of internal illumination of salon takes place
1. The incandescent filament of a corresponding lamp is damaged. Check up, replace the failed lamp.
2. The socle of a corresponding lamp or its cartridge is strongly oxidised. Carefully smooth out contact surfaces, in case of need replace the failed component.
3. Contact plugs of an external socket of the fixture are oxidised or damaged. Check up, smooth out or replace corresponding components.
4. Serviceability of functioning of door gauges-switches is broken. Check up, replace the failed components.
Brightness of illumination of salon is strongly lowered
1. Quality of contact connection on a socket is broken. Check up quality of grounding of the fixture and serviceability of giving on it of a food from the battery. If pressure of a food on a socket is strongly underestimated, check up a condition of elements and connecting electroconducting of a corresponding chain (schemes of electric connections see).
2. The socle of a corresponding lamp or its cartridge is strongly oxidised. Carefully smooth out contact surfaces, in case of need replace the failed component.
3. One of management switches/gauges-switches is faulty. Make replacement.
Stoplights
Refusal of one of stoplights takes place
Serviceability of giving of pressure to a lamp of a corresponding stoplight is broken. Check up, if a food moves regularly, estimate quality of grounding, in case of need replace a lamp. At revealing of signs of breakage of a contour of a food or weights check up a condition of elements and connecting electroconducting of a corresponding chain (schemes of electric connections see).
Refusal of both stoplights takes place
Adjustment of the gauge-switch of stoplights is broken. Check up, make corresponding updating. If food giving to stoplights remains broken despite serviceability of functioning of the gauge-switch, check up a condition of elements and connecting electroconducting of a corresponding chain (schemes of electric connections see), make necessary corrections.
Brightness of a luminescence of one or both stoplights is strongly lowered
Quality of contact connection on one of contact sockets of a corresponding chain is broken. Check up quality of grounding of lantern assemblages and serviceability of giving on them of a food from the battery. If pressure of a food on a socket is strongly underestimated, check up a condition of elements and connecting electroconducting of a corresponding chain (schemes of electric connections see). Sometimes there is a necessity for removal of a defective socket and зачистке its landing surface.
Control lamps
The control lamp () continues to burn after engine start
Control lamp of a charge
1. The generator or a pressure regulator is faulty. Check up, replace the failed components.
2. Short circuit in a chain of electroconducting of a corresponding lamp takes place. Check up, make necessary corrections.
Control lamp “Check up the engine”
1. Time of carrying out of the next maintenance service of the engine has approached, or adjusting parametres of the last are broken. Spend THAT, check up parametres of options, estimate a condition of spark plugs and the air filter, check up level and a condition of impellent oil. Make necessary adjustments and replacements.
2. Alternating repauperization of an air-fuel mix as a result of the approach by the end of a stock of fuel in a tank takes place. Fill the car with fuel, make lamp reinstallation.
3. Quality of contact connections in a chain of system of injection/engine management is broken. Check up a condition of electroconducting and contact sockets of the module of management and information gauges.
4. Depression losses in the inlet pipeline take place. Check up a condition of a sealing lining and vacuum hoses. Replace defective components.
5. The raised expense of engine oil as a result of strong deterioration of internal components of the engine takes place. Make regenerative repair of the power unit.
Control lamp ABS
1. Contact connections of wheel gauges are oxidised, or between teeths of alarm rotors have got stuck extraneous particles. Check up, make necessary corrections.
2. Leaks in ГТЦ take place. Examine the cylinder, replace the failed cuffs and linings.
3. Serviceability of functioning of the module of management ABS, the hydraulic pump or valves-regulators is broken. Check up a condition of components, make necessary corrections/replace defective details.
4. Malfunction in an electric chain of wheel gauges/modules of management ABS takes place. Attentively examine electroconducting, eliminate the revealed defects.
Control lamp of brake system
1. Level of a hydraulic liquid in tank GTTS has fallen. Check up a hydraulic path of brake system on presence of signs of leaks, eliminate the revealed malfunctions, add in the tank necessary quantity of a liquid of a demanded grade.
2. Frictional overlays of brake kolodok/boots are worn excessively out. Check up, make replacement of the failed components.
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Replacement of brake kolodok/boots is always made in the complete set for both wheels of a corresponding axis! |
Control lamp of pressure of oil
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Car operation at the lowered pressure of oil is fraught with the serious internal damages of the engine connected with expensive repair. |
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One of signs of inadmissible decrease in oil pressure is detonation increase at engine work. |
4. At operation of the given control lamp it is necessary to muffle immediately the engine and to check up level of engine oil and a condition of the oil filter. In case of need add corresponding quantity of oil from the canister which should be stored in the car and be updated at each replacement of oil.
5. Electroconducting of the gauge-switch of a control lamp of pressure of oil is damaged. At the included ignition (the engine do not start) disconnect electroconducting from the gauge-switch, - the control lamp should not burn, otherwise check up electroconducting on presence of signs of short circuit on weight. Make sure of integrity of isolation on all length of wires, replace chain defective units.
6. Passableness of the mesh filter маслозаборника is broken. Remove the pallet картера and clean the filter.
7. Serviceability of functioning of the gauge-switch of a control lamp of pressure of oil is broken. For check establish obviously
8. Passableness полнопоточного the oil filter is broken, or oil leaks take place. Replace the filter.
Control lamp of raising of a lay brake
1. The lever of a lay brake is not released. Do not forget to release a lay brake before the movement beginning.
2. Adjusting position of the gauge-switch of a control lamp is broken, or short circuit in a chain of its electroconducting takes place. Check up, eliminate the revealed malfunctions.
3. The gauge-switch of a control lamp is faulty. Check up, make replacement.
The control lamp () starts to blink during movement
Control lamp of a charge
1. The generator or a pressure regulator is faulty. Check up, replace the failed components.
2. Short circuit in a chain of electroconducting of a corresponding lamp takes place. Check up, make necessary corrections.
Control lamp “Check up the engine”
1. Time of carrying out of the next maintenance service of the engine has approached, or adjusting parametres of the last are broken. Spend THAT, check up parametres of options, estimate a condition of spark plugs and the air filter, check up level and a condition of impellent oil. Make necessary adjustments and replacements.
2. Alternating repauperization of an air-fuel mix as a result of the approach by the end of a stock of fuel in a tank takes place. Fill the car with fuel, make lamp reinstallation.
3. Quality of contact connections in a chain of system of injection/engine management is broken. Check up a condition of electroconducting and contact sockets of the module of management and information gauges.
4. Depression losses in the inlet pipeline take place. Check up a condition of a sealing lining and vacuum hoses. Replace defective components.
5. Electroconducting of a chain of a control lamp is damaged. Check up electroconducting on presence of short circuits, eliminate the revealed malfunctions.
Control lamp ABS
1. Contact connections of wheel gauges are oxidised, or between teeths of alarm rotors have got stuck extraneous particles. Check up, make necessary corrections.
2. Leaks in ГТЦ take place. Examine the cylinder, replace the failed cuffs and linings.
3. Serviceability of functioning of the module of management ABS, the hydraulic pump or valves-regulators is broken. Check up a condition of components, make necessary corrections/replace defective details.
4. Malfunction in an electric chain of wheel gauges/modules of management ABS takes place. Attentively examine electroconducting, eliminate the revealed defects.
Control lamp of brake system
1. Level of a hydraulic liquid in tank GTTS has fallen. Check up a hydraulic path of brake system on presence of signs of leaks, eliminate the revealed malfunctions, add in the tank necessary quantity of a liquid of a demanded grade.
2. Frictional overlays of brake kolodok/boots are worn excessively out. Check up, make replacement of the failed components.
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Replacement of brake kolodok/boots is always made in the complete set for both wheels of a corresponding axis! |
3. Defect in a chain of the alarm gauge of a control lamp takes place. Check up, make necessary corrections, replace the failed components.
Control lamp of pressure of oil
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Car operation at the lowered pressure of oil is fraught with the serious internal damages of the engine connected with expensive repair. |
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One of signs of inadmissible decrease in oil pressure is detonation increase at engine work. |
1. At operation of the given control lamp it is necessary to muffle immediately the engine and to check up level of engine oil and a condition of the oil filter. In case of need add corresponding quantity of oil from the canister which should be stored in the car and be updated at each replacement of oil.
2. Electroconducting of the gauge-switch of a control lamp of pressure of oil is damaged. At the included ignition (the engine do not start) disconnect electroconducting from the gauge-switch, - the control lamp should not burn, otherwise check up electroconducting on presence of signs of short circuit on weight. Make sure of integrity of isolation on all length of wires, replace chain defective units.
3. Passableness of the mesh filter маслозаборника is broken. Remove the pallet картера and clean the filter.
4. Serviceability of functioning of the gauge-switch of a control lamp of pressure of oil is broken. For check establish obviously serviceable gauge.
Control lamp of raising of a lay brake
1. The lever of a lay brake is not released. Do not forget to release a lay brake before the movement beginning.
2. Adjusting position of the gauge-switch of a control lamp is broken, or short circuit in a chain of its electroconducting takes place. Check up, eliminate the revealed malfunctions.
3. The gauge-switch of a control lamp is faulty. Check up, make replacement.
The control lamp () does not light up at inclusion of ignition without engine start
1. The lamp is faulty, - check up by substitution obviously serviceable.
2. Breakage in цеп takes place. Check up a condition of corresponding electroconducting.
3. The corresponding gauge-switch is faulty, or defect in a chain of its electroconducting takes place. Check up, eliminate the revealed malfunctions, replace defective components.
Indexes of turns the alarm system
Alarm fires join, but work in a continuous mode
The breaker is faulty. Replace the failed block.
Bilateral refusal of alarm fires takes place
1. Has fused a safety lock. Check up, make replacement.
2. The breaker has failed, - check up by substitution of obviously serviceable block.
3. Malfunction in an electroconducting chain takes place. Check up, eliminate the revealed malfunctions.
Unilateral refusal of alarm fires takes place
1. Have fused lamps. Check up, replace the failed lamps.
2. Quality of grounding of assemblages of corresponding fires is broken. Check up, eliminate breakage.
One of alarm fires does not join only
1. The lamp has fused. Check up, make replacement.
2. Contact surfaces of a socle/cartridge are oxidised. Check up, smooth out plugs.
3. Quality of grounding of a cartridge of a corresponding lamp is broken. Check up, eliminate breakage.
Frequency of gleams of alarm fires is strongly lowered
Too powerful lamps are established. Replace lamps.
Frequency of gleams of alarm fires is strongly raised
1. Insufficiently powerful lamps are established. Replace lamps.
2. The breaker not that type is established. Replace the breaker.
Serviceability of functioning of a control lamp of the alarm system is broken
1. Corresponding external alarm fires are faulty. Check up, in case of need replace a control lamp.
2. The alarm system switch is faulty. Check up, in case of need make replacement.
Serviceability of functioning of one of control lamps of indexes of turns is broken
1. The lamp has fused. Check up, make replacement.
2. The breaker is faulty, - check up by substitution of obviously serviceable block, in case of need make replacement.
Horn
The sound signal is absent
1. Has fused a corresponding safety lock. Check up, in case of need make replacement.
2. Serviceability of giving of a food on a small horn is broken, or breakage in a grounding contour takes place. Check up. If a food moves regularly, replace a small horn. In case of refusal revealing check up a condition of corresponding electroconducting.
The tonality of sounding of a small horn has changed
1. On models with one small horn make replacement of the last.
2. On models with 2-rozhkovym a horn check up serviceability of functioning of the second small horn. Serially disconnecting from small horns electroconducting, check up serviceability of functioning of each of them separately. Replace the failed component.
3. Check up correctness of installation of a small horn (ов), - small horns should be established by a bell downwards. Make sure, that in a small horn extraneous subjects have not got.
Screen wipers
Screen wipers do not function
1. Has fused a safety lock. Check up, make replacement.
2. The management switch is faulty. Check up, eliminate the revealed malfunctions, in case of need replace the switch.
3. Quality of contact connections in a chain of the electric drive of screen wipers is broken. Check up, smooth out plugs, replace the failed elements.
4. Quality of grounding of the switch of management or приводного the electromotor is broken. Check up, eliminate the revealed breakages.
Occurs having overheated приводного the electromotor, inclusion of screen wipers leads выбиванию a safety lock
1. Internal damage of the electromotor takes place. Make replacement.
2. Are jammed, or draughts of a drive of levers of screen wipers are deformed. Check up, make necessary corrections, replace the failed components.
Functioning of one or both levers of screen wipers is broken at serviceable work приводного the electromotor
1. Ослаб fixture corresponding приводной draughts. Check up, tighten fixture.
2. Ослабло lever fastening on a drive axis. Tighten a nut, in case of need make replacement of the corresponding lever / axial knot of a drive.
At brush switching-off do not come back in парковочное position
1. As a result of malfunction of the switch of management the order of switching-off of a food from приводного the electromotor is broken. Check up, eliminate the revealed malfunctions.
2. Infringement in a chain парковочного a contour приводного the motor takes place. Replace the electromotor. Before installation of levers start system for the purpose of finding-out correct парковочного positions of screen wipers. Having finished installation, include screen wipers in the maximum high-speed mode and make sure, that brushes in extreme positions do not hit about facing of a window aperture.
Problem diagnostics of a combination of devices
Speedometer with тросовым a drive
Speedometer functioning is completely broken
1. Приводной the cable is connected by wrong image to assemblage of a measuring instrument or a leading gear wheel. Check up, make necessary corrections.
2. Приводной the cable is torn off, or there was a rounding off of tips by means of which its fastening in measuring instrument assemblage / a leading gear wheel is carried out. Check up, in case of need replace a cable.
3. The leading gear wheel of a speedometer is worn out. Check up, in case of need make replacement.
4. The measuring instrument is faulty, - check up by substitution of obviously serviceable assemblage. In case of need make replacement.
Fluctuations of an arrow of a measuring instrument take place at movement with constant speed
1. Correctness of a lining of a cable is broken, excesses or twisting take place. Check up, make necessary corrections, in case of revealing of signs of damage of a cover replace a cable.
2. Тросовая assemblage requires greasing. Remove a cable, examine it on presence of damages (in case of need make replacement), grease and establish into place.
Takes place pereme-zhajushchiesja infringements of functioning of a speedometer
1. Completeness of connection of a cable and reliability of its fixing in clips is broken. Check up, make necessary corrections.
2. Are worn out cable tips (are rounded). Check up, in case of need replace тросовую assemblage.
Speedometer with an electric drive
Speedometer functioning is completely broken
1. The inductive descent of the gauge of speed (VSS) is faulty. Replace the gauge.
2. Electroconducting on a chain site between VSS and a speedometer is damaged. Examine electroconducting, estimate quality of contact connections, eliminate the revealed malfunctions, replace defective components.
3. The measuring instrument is damaged, - check up by substitution of obviously serviceable assemblage. In case of need make replacement.
Takes place pereme-zhajushchiesja infringements of functioning of a speedometer
1. Quality of contact connections on a chain site between VSS and a speedometer is broken. Check up, make necessary corrections, replace defective components.
2. The inductive descent of the gauge of speed (VSS) is faulty. Replace the gauge.
Measuring instruments of the expense of fuel, temperatures of the engine and pressure of oil
Measuring instrument functioning is completely broken
1. Has fused a corresponding safety lock. Check up, make replacement.
2. Breakage in a chain of electroconducting of a corresponding measuring instrument takes place. Check up, eliminate the revealed malfunctions.
3. The corresponding gauge is faulty. Check up, make replacement.
4. Adequacy of installation of a measuring instrument or its gauge is broken. Check up, make corresponding corrections.
Stability of indications of a measuring instrument is broken
1. Quality of contact connections of a corresponding electric chain is broken. Check up, eliminate the revealed malfunctions.
2. The measuring instrument is faulty. Make replacement.
The measuring instrument continuously fixes the maximum indication
1. Short circuit on weight in a chain of electroconducting of a corresponding measuring instrument takes place.
2. The measuring instrument is faulty. Make replacement.
3. Serviceability of grounding of a measuring instrument is broken. Check up, eliminate breakage.
4. Adequacy of installation of a measuring instrument or its gauge is broken. Check up, make corresponding corrections.
Diagnostics of malfunctions of systems of heating of an air conditioning
Heater
Functioning of the fan of a heater is completely broken
1. Has fused a corresponding safety lock. Check up, make replacement.
2. There was an electroconducting breakage. Check up. Eliminate the revealed malfunctions in a chain.
3. Breakage in a chain of the switch of management / resistive assemblage of the fan takes place. Check up, eliminate the revealed malfunctions.
4. The electromotor of a drive of the fan is faulty. Check up, in case of need make replacement.
Giving in salon of the warmed-up air is broken
1. Liquid level in system of cooling of the engine is insufficient. Check up, make corresponding updating, remove from a path of system of cooling air stoppers.
2. The engine does not get warm to normal working temperature. Check up serviceability of functioning of the thermostat. Check up, in case of need replace the thermostat.
3. The inlet valve of the heat exchanger (radiator) of a heater is faulty. Check up serviceability of functioning trosovogo / a vacuum drive of the valve. Some times translate the switch of a choice of a temperature mode in extreme positions, checking serviceability of operation of the valve. Warm up the engine to normal working temperature and, having chosen the maximum temperature mode of a heater, probe hoses on an input and an exit клапанной assemblages. If hoses have different temperature, replace the valve.
At heater inclusion occurs запотевание a windscreen
1. Easing of a fixing collar has occurred development of leak of a cooling liquid from a hose laid near to a partition of an impellent compartment or under the panel of devices of the car. Check up, eliminate the revealed malfunctions.
2. Leaks of a cooling liquid from the heater heat exchanger take place. Attentively examine rugs in foot wells of the driver and the forward passenger on presence on them of streams.
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The cooling liquid has a characteristic sweetish smell. In case of need make corresponding repair, or replace the failed heat exchanger. On some models for providing of access to the heat exchanger (radiator) of a heater it is required to remove the panel of devices. |
Air conditioner
Air does not arrive through дефлекторы central airs
1. Has fused a corresponding safety lock. Check up, in case of need make replacement.
2. The central air requires gymnastics.
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Опорожнение, the gymnastics and check of a refrigerator path should be made in the conditions of a specialised workshop! |
3. The pressure gauge-switch низконапорного a central air path is faulty. Replace the gauge-switch.
4. Resistive assemblage of the fan of the conditioner of air is faulty. Check up, in case of need replace assemblage.
5. Damage of electroconducting of a chain of a central air takes place, or the corresponding relay has failed. Check up, eliminate the revealed malfunctions, in case of need replace the relay.
Through дефлекторы central airs the warmed-up air arrives
1. The central air requires gymnastics.
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Опорожнение, the gymnastics and check of a refrigerator path should be made in the conditions of a specialised workshop! |
2. Serviceability of functioning муфты compressor K/V couplings is broken. Check up a condition муфты and electroconductings of its chain. Eliminate the revealed malfunctions, replace defective components.
At use К/В on a floor in salon are formed begin to flow a moisture
1. Passableness of a drainage tube of the evaporator of a central air is broken. Clean a tube in a place of its exit from car salon.
2. Passableness of a drain hose of the evaporator is broken. Clean a hose in a place of its exit from car salon.
Inclusion К/В is accompanied by occurrence in salon of a smell of a mould
Passableness of a drain hose of the evaporator of a central air is broken. Clean a hose in a place of its exit from car salon.
